Electric bicycles, commonly known as e-bikes, have become increasingly popular across New York, but there is often confusion about how they differ from the traditional bikes and motorcycles we see every day. A bicycle is fully human powered, while a motorcycle is a much heavier, faster vehicle that requires a license and registration as well as insurance. E-bikes fall somewhere in between: they are lighter, equipped with pedals and powered by small electric motors, which can sometimes reach speeds that make their regulation more complex.
Currently, New York state law recognizes three classes of e-bikes. Class 1 models provide pedal-assist up to 20 miles per hour, Class 2 e-bikes include a throttle and also top out at 20 miles per hour, and Class 3 e-bikes can reach 25 miles per hour but are only permitted in New York City. For all classes, riders must be at least 16 years old, no license or registration is required and helmets are mandatory for certain riders, especially those using Class 3 e-bikes or working as delivery cyclists. Despite what you may see, e-bikes are not allowed on sidewalks and may only be used on roads with a speed limit of 30 miles per hour or less.
Last year, I voted for, and the Legislature passed Assembly Bill A.7628. This new law requires that accidents involving e-bikes and electric scooters that cause injury or death be clearly documented, including the specific type of vehicle involved. This will give law enforcement and policymakers the accurate data we need to address safety concerns and craft appropriate regulations.
Alongside this measure, the state also enacted new battery safety requirements, ensuring e-bike batteries meet proper manufacturing standards, retailers provide safety information, and fire prevention and first responder training are improved. These steps are essential as we work to balance innovation in transportation with the safety of riders, pedestrians and the public.
While it’s clear that e-bikes are here to stay, we must make sure our laws keep up. By implementing sensible safety standards, we can encourage responsible use while also protecting our communities.
Assemblyman Steve Hawley
139 Assembly District
